One municipality after another on Crete applies for a state of emergency due to water shortage.
One municipality after another on Crete applies for a state of emergency due to water shortage
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Crete faces a serious water shortage crisis, largely because of prolonged drought and rising temperatures. Municipalities are working hard to find solutions to this problem. In some areas, water resources have become so scarce that emergency measures are necessary. The demand for water continues to rise, especially during the summer when tourists flock to the island.
Municipal Challenges
Municipalities like the one in Mykonos have seen water consumption spike over the past few years. For instance, water use soared from 955,505 cubic meters in 2020 to 1,618,069 cubic meters in 2023. These rising numbers are alarming and have pushed local officials to declare a state of emergency in several areas, including the municipalities of Faistos and Viannos. They urgently requested help from the General Secretariat of Civil Protection to manage the crisis.
Water Drilling and Groundwater
Finding water has become increasingly difficult over the years. A few decades ago, water was easily accessible at 15 meters. Nowadays, new wells often go as deep as 150 meters or more to reach groundwater. The cost of drilling is skyrocketing, yet it remains a necessary short-term solution for regions like Viannos.
Impact of Climate Change
Climate change has contributed to this crisis. Two consecutive dry winters, coupled with scorching heatwaves, have drastically reduced rainfall. For instance, in the municipality of Sfakia in Crete, high altitudes experience extreme temperatures, exacerbating the water shortage.
Water Management and Infrastructure
The water distribution infrastructure in Greece varies significantly. While cities like Athens get their water from distant reservoirs, small islands depend on tankers. These islands, famous for their beautiful seas and coasts, now suffer from poor water quality and insufficient supply.
Tourism and Water Demand
Tourism adds another layer to the crisis. Each summer, the influx of tourists puts immense pressure on the already strained water resources. The soaring water demand has made it clear that both short-term and long-term solutions are necessary.
Desalination and Other Solutions
Desalination units have been suggested as a partial solution to the water shortage. Alongside this, rainwater harvesting and better water management practices are essential. For example, the municipality of Sfakia has implemented measures to catch and store rainwater, which could be a beneficial practice for other regions as well.
Wildfires and Water Crisis
The threat of wildfires adds another dimension to the water crisis. High temperatures and dry conditions make it easier for fires to spread, requiring large amounts of water to control. This further depletes the already limited water resources.
Current State of Emergency
Several municipalities have declared a state of emergency so far: Phaistos, Viannos, Archana. These include Arhanes, Asterousia, Gortynas (Gortya), and Minoa Pediada, which have all sought urgent assistance. The situation worsens each summer as high temperatures and increased water demand strain the existing resources.
Precipitation and Water Availability
Precipitation patterns have also changed over the years. The municipality of Sfakia has experienced limited rainfall, which affects water availability. The decreased precipitation impacts not only the water supply but also the agriculture sector, creating a ripple effect on the local economy.
State Efforts and Future Projections
To manage this crisis, state authorities are implementing several projects aimed at better water distribution and conservation. New infrastructure, improved water management practices, and policies to restrict water use during peak times are some of the measures being considered. These efforts aim to provide both immediate relief and long-term solutions to the water shortage crisis in Crete.
Frequently Asked Questions
What measures are local governments in Crete taking to cope with the current water scarcity?
Local governments in Crete are implementing several measures to address the water shortages. For instance, they are enforcing water restrictions that limit the amount of water residents can use for activities like lawn watering or car washing. In some areas, water is only allowed for personal use such as drinking and sanitation purposes. Additionally, campaigns are underway to raise awareness about water conservation. The authorities are also investing in repairing and upgrading old water infrastructure to reduce leaks and wastage.
How is the water shortage in Crete affecting daily life for residents?
The water shortage in Crete is having a noticeable impact on residents’ daily lives. People are having to adjust their routines to comply with the water restrictions, such as taking shorter showers and limiting the use of washing machines. In some localities, water supply may be interrupted for certain hours of the day to manage the scarcity. As a result, residents are storing water and planning their activities around these interruptions.
What long-term strategies are being developed to address water supply issues in Crete?
Authorities in Crete are exploring a range of long-term strategies to secure a stable water supply. Desalination plants are being considered to convert seawater into drinking water. They are also looking into rainwater harvesting systems and encouraging their installation in new and existing buildings. Investment in infrastructure improvements, such as modernising irrigation systems in agriculture and enhancing wastewater treatment and reuse, is also being prioritised.
How are tourists in Crete being impacted by the water shortage?
Tourists in Crete are also feeling the effects of the water shortage. Hotels and resorts have implemented measures to conserve water, such as encouraging guests to reuse towels and take shorter showers. Some recreational activities, particularly those involving water, might be limited or adjusted to save water. Tourists are being asked to contribute to water-saving efforts during their stay.
What has led to the critical water levels in Crete?
Several factors have contributed to the critical water levels in Crete. Prolonged periods of drought have significantly reduced the amount of available freshwater. Increased water consumption due to population growth and tourism has further strained the supplies. In addition, outdated water infrastructure with significant leakage has exacerbated the problem, making it difficult to efficiently manage the existing water resources.
How is climate change contributing to the water crisis in Crete?
Climate change is playing a major role in the water crisis in Crete. Rising temperatures have led to more evaporation and reduced rainfall, worsening drought conditions. Climate change also brings more extreme and unpredictable weather patterns, causing challenges in water management and supply planning. These changes are putting additional pressure on an already strained water system, making it difficult for the region to maintain adequate water levels.
Source: Creta24
