A comprehensive overview of the impact and benefits of the project.
Together with Kastelli airport, Crete is getting its first major road tunnel
A significant infrastructure development is underway to construct an underground passage in the Xerokamari area, spanning approximately 3 kilometres.
This decision has been influenced by environmental considerations and aims to shorten the distance between Hersonissos and the new airport in Kastelli.
Currently, a modification to the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the entire airport project has been submitted for approval.
This amendment includes the addition of a tunnel measuring 2,822 metres in one direction and 2,754 metres in the opposite direction of traffic flow.
The total projected cost of this construction is about €133 million, which needs to be funded.
Following the approval of the revised Environmental Impact Assessment by the Ministry of Environment and Energy, a modification of the concession agreement will take place.
This amendment will require ratification by the Hellenic Parliament as it pertains to Greek law.
Construction of the major tunnel is expected to commence thereafter, and due to its significant dimensions, it is anticipated that the tunnel will become operational roughly two years after the opening of the new airport in the Kastelli region.
In terms of its design and functional aspects, the tunnel aims to optimise transportation efficiency and safety in the area, promising to facilitate smoother access to the airport for both residents and visitors.
This project is expected to reduce traffic congestion and improve travel times, encouraging tourism and business activities in the region.
The underground passage also reflects a commitment to integrating modern engineering practices while taking environmental factors into account.
By employing innovative techniques in tunnelling, the project aims to minimise its ecological footprint, preserving the natural landscape of Crete while enhancing its infrastructure.
Key features of the project include:
- Length of the Tunnel: Approximately 3 kilometres
- Tunnel Dimensions: 2,822 metres for one traffic lane and 2,754 metres for the other
- Overall Cost: €133 million
- Expected Completion: 2 years after the new airport opens
The construction phase is set to involve various stages, including design finalisation, clearing of the construction site, and excavation processes.
These will be followed by the installation of tunnel systems and safety features that adhere to international standards.
Given the scale of the project, it is poised to create numerous job opportunities for local workers, boosting the economy during its construction and beyond.
This could lead to an increased demand for skilled labour in the construction and engineering sectors.
Community consultations and expert reviews have highlighted the importance of ensuring that the construction is carried out with minimal disruption to local residents and businesses.
Measures will be taken to communicate effectively with the public throughout the project’s lifecycle, ensuring residents are informed about progress and any potential impact on their daily lives.
In addition, the environmental implications of such a major development cannot be overstated.
Steps will be taken to monitor and mitigate any adverse effects on the surrounding ecosystem.
This includes evaluating water drainage, soil stability, and local wildlife habitats, further emphasising the need for a balanced approach to development.
The tunnel’s integration with the new airport will be a vital aspect of its functionality, ensuring that air travel is complemented by efficient ground transportation.
The synergy between the tunnel and the airport is expected to elevate the level of connectivity on the island, aligning with broader goals for sustainable economic growth and tourism.
This infrastructure endeavour reflects a vision for a modernised Crete that is accessible, efficient, and environmentally responsible.
In the coming years, this will contribute to enhancing the travel experience for visitors and residents alike, making the region an attractive destination for both leisure and business travellers.
What is the Xerokamare Tunnel?
The Xerokamare Tunnel consists of two main passages designed to enhance road safety and efficiency in the region. These tunnels incorporate vital infrastructure, including eight pedestrian escape routes and two vehicle escape exits.
Each branch of the tunnel is equipped with two emergency parking bays, situated approximately 1,100 metres apart. This setup facilitates quick responses in case of emergencies.
Additionally, the tunnels will feature fire safety pockets and emergency telephones strategically placed throughout to ensure that help can be summoned swiftly when necessary.
These designs prioritise user safety and emergency readiness, illustrating a commitment to engineering excellence.
Initially, the proposed solution was to widen the existing roadway. However, due to environmental considerations, the decision was made to construct a tunnel instead.
While this approach increases the project’s overall cost, it significantly reduces the financial burden through the avoidance of expensive land expropriations above ground.
Thus, constructing the tunnel presents a balanced solution to both ecological and infrastructural needs.
This project will stand out as the largest road tunnel in Crete, surpassing the lengths of the tunnels located along the Northern Road Axis of Crete (VOAK).
The developer consortium GEK TERNA-GMR is spearheading this initiative, with the construction works executed by TERNA.
Their combined expertise aims to ensure that the tunnel not only meets current standards but also sets new benchmarks for future projects in the area.
Key Features
- Tunnel Type: Dual passages facilitating vehicle and pedestrian access
- Escape Routes: A total of eight pedestrian exits and two vehicle exits
- Emergency Facilities: Integration of emergency parking bays and fire safety pockets
- Communication Tools: Deployment of emergency telephones
- Environmental Considerations: Shift from roadway widening to tunnel construction for ecological preservation
Benefits
The construction of the Xerokamare Tunnel brings several advantages:
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Improved Safety: The design includes measures aimed at protecting both drivers and pedestrians.
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Reduced Surface Disruption: By going underground, the project minimises the impact on the surface environment, preserving natural landscapes and local habitats.
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Enhanced Connectivity: The tunnel will contribute to more efficient travel routes, decreasing congestion and travel times for both locals and tourists.
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Economic Boost: The investment in infrastructure is expected to stimulate the local economy through job creation and increased accessibility to different parts of the island.
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Innovation in Engineering: This project serves as a model for modern tunnelling techniques and the importance of integrating safety features into infrastructure.
The North Road (ΒΟΑΚ)
The North Road, known as ΒΟΑΚ (Voria Odos Akriton Kritis), is a significant highway in Crete, designed to facilitate transport across the northern part of the island.
This roadway is not just an essential thoroughfare for vehicles but also plays a vital role in connecting various urban areas, towns, and cities.
Current discussions and evaluations regarding its passage through the regions of Heraklion and Malevizi highlight the complexities surrounding this infrastructure project.
The local authorities have raised concerns about the impact that the new motorway would have on the urban fabric of their communities.
There is an ongoing appeal by local municipalities, which reflects their desire to find a balanced solution that meets both developmental and environmental needs.
The goal is to avoid fragmentation of the urban landscape that could arise due to the new highway’s alignment.
The ministry is actively reviewing these concerns and seeking ways to address them, with an aim to reach a compromise that satisfies all parties involved.
In terms of progress, a significant milestone is approaching. An official ceremony to sign the concession agreement for the project is anticipated in April.
Currently, the agreement is under scrutiny by the Court of Auditors.
Once it receives approval, a law will be passed in the Hellenic Parliament to endorse the contract. Following legislative approval, the signing will pave the way for construction activities to commence.
The North Road features an impressive network of tunnels, which collectively span about 40 kilometres across both traffic directions.
These tunnels are crucial for enhancing the flow of traffic, reducing travel times, and improving safety for drivers.
Key Features of the North Road (ΒΟΑΚ)
- Length: Approximately 40 km of tunnels in total.
- Traffic Directions: Accommodates both incoming and outgoing traffic.
- Importance: Provides vital connectivity across Crete, ensuring that goods and people can move efficiently across the island.
This strategic road network will not only improve local transport but is also expected to contribute positively to the region’s economy by facilitating tourism and commerce.
As major construction efforts unfold, the focus remains steadfast on balancing development with the preservation of the local environment and community welfare.
Local municipalities continue to express their commitment to ensuring that the construction and subsequent operation of the road do not adversely impact the area.
The aspirations of these communities drive the discussions, emphasising a need for careful planning and execution that respects the existing urban settings.
The anticipation surrounding the project’s development underlines its significance for Crete, with stakeholders keenly aware of both its challenges and its potential.
As the process moves forward, both local authorities and the central government are tasked with guiding the project in a manner that fosters growth while mitigating risks to established communities.
Furthermore, the planning phases of the North Road encounter intricate negotiations, as these decisions can lead to profound effects on daily life.
With public transport and private vehicles relying heavily on the efficacy of this route, the outcome of current discussions and plans will have wide-ranging implications for transportation across Crete.
Calls for transparency and community involvement in decision-making processes remain prevalent.
Stakeholders are encouraged to engage in dialogue and contribute their perspectives, ensuring that the development reflects the needs and aspirations of those who live in the region.
Concession Agreement Chania – Heraklion
– Motorway length: 157.5 km.
– The typical motorway cross-section has a lane width of 21.5 metres compared to 12.50 today.
– 2 lanes per direction
– 26 single-strand tunnels with a total length of approx. 34 km.
– 10.80 km of new bridges, 23 of which are over 100 metres long.
– 20 new junctions and modernisation of the existing 18 junctions on the Chania, Rethymno and Heraklion bypasses
– Estimated cost 1.32 billion euros.
Hersonissos – Neapolis
The Hersonissos to Neapolis section of the motorway spans approximately 22.44 kilometres, with an additional 9.65 kilometres of supplementary roads. This section is designed with a typical carriageway width of 21.5 metres, featuring two lanes of traffic in each direction along with a hard shoulder.
The project includes:
- 12 single-section bridges, measuring a total of 1.7 kilometres.
- 5 single-section tunnels, which collectively reach a length of 6.75 kilometres.
- A cut and cover tunnel of 215 metres in length.
- 5 new interchanges to improve connectivity.
In this Public-Private Partnership (PPP) project, the maintenance and operation of the 14 kilometres of road from Neapolis to Agios Nikolaos will also be included. The environmental study has been submitted, and the second phase of the bidding process is currently underway. The anticipated cost of this section is €290 million.
Neapolis – Agios Nikolaos
The motorway section from Neapolis to Agios Nikolaos stretches for 14.0 kilometres. Like other segments, it features a standard carriageway width of 21.5 metres, providing two lanes for traffic in each direction along with a hard shoulder.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the transportation advantages of the new road link through Kastelli Airport?
The new road connection at Kastelli Airport is expected to improve access to various destinations on the island. It will make travel faster and more efficient, allowing for smoother movement of vehicles. This enhanced transport network will likely support tourism by providing easier access to popular sites.
How will the road expansion near Kastelli Airport help boost the local economy?
The construction of the road network is anticipated to promote economic growth in the region. Improved transport links can lead to increased tourism and business opportunities. This project may also create jobs during and after construction, benefiting the local workforce.
What effects on traffic flow are expected from the new road artery at Kastelli Airport?
The development of this major road is likely to improve traffic management in the area. By facilitating better traffic distribution, it can reduce congestion. This improvement will enhance overall travel times for both residents and visitors.
What are the main features of the infrastructure project involving road expansion at Kastelli Airport?
The infrastructure project includes constructing a large road that connects to the airport. Key features may comprise multiple lanes, modern design elements, and enhanced safety measures. This project is designed to meet the growing transportation needs of the region.
What safety protocols are included in the highway development near Kastelli Airport?
Safety measures for the road project are expected to involve comprehensive planning. This may include proper signage, well-designed crossings, and pedestrian pathways. Additional measures might also be implemented to ensure the safety of both motorists and pedestrians.
What environmental factors are being considered for the Kastelli Airport road link project?
Consideration of environmental impacts is crucial in this development.
Assessments will likely evaluate how the project affects local ecosystems, noise levels, and air quality.
Measures will be taken to minimise negative effects and to promote sustainability throughout the construction process.
