New sensational archaeological finds on Crete: Ancient mega-structure on Crete and revelations in the Minoan palace in Arhanes.
Large circular structure at the new airport
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A remarkable discovery has recently come to light on the Greek island of Crete. Archaeologists have unearthed a circular structure atop the Papoura hill near Kastelli, measuring an impressive 48 metres in diameter. This finding has sparked significant interest among researchers and history enthusiasts alike.
The excavation site, spanning approximately 1,800 square metres, was initially earmarked for the construction of a radar system as part of a new airport development. However, the unexpected discovery has shed new light on the rich archaeological heritage of the region, potentially altering future plans for the area. This ancient structure provides a tantalising glimpse into Crete’s past, inviting further exploration and study.
Ancient Structure Challenges Airport Plans
Archaeologists have unearthed a remarkable circular building on Crete’s Papoura hill, throwing a spanner in the works for the new Kastelli airport project. The impressive structure spans 1,800 square metres and features eight concentric stone rings at various levels.
At its heart lies a round building 15 metres in diameter, constructed using corbelled vaulting techniques. The interior is divided into four quarters, surrounded by smaller rooms formed by radial walls. Excavations have revealed a maze-like layout with narrow openings connecting the spaces.
Experts believe the site was primarily used between 2000 and 1700 BCE, likely established during the Early Palace period. Pottery from the New Palace era found in destruction layers suggests continued use into later times.
The discovery has prompted a reassessment of the airport plans:
- Excavations will continue to preserve and study the find
- A new location for the radar facility must be identified
- The Civil Aviation Authority will conduct a fresh study on radar placement
The Greek Culture Minister and Deputy Infrastructure Minister have visited the site, agreeing to protect the archaeological treasure while seeking solutions for the airport project. This unexpected find highlights the challenges of balancing modern development with the preservation of ancient heritage on Crete.
Unique Discovery of Great Significance
Archaeologists unearthed a remarkable ancient structure on the Greek island of Crete. This find has garnered attention from the highest levels of government, with the Minister of Culture emphasising its exceptional nature and importance.
The monument’s design is unlike anything previously discovered on Crete from the same era. Its closest architectural relatives appear to be early Bronze Age complexes in the Middle East. Experts have also noted structural similarities with:
- Tholos tombs in southern Crete
- Early Helladic burial sites
- Later tumulus graves on the Greek mainland
This ancient site was not a permanent settlement. Instead, evidence suggests it was used periodically for rituals involving food and wine. The construction of such a complex structure implies:
- Significant labour resources
- Specialised engineering knowledge
- Strong centralised authority
The Greek government recognises the cultural and developmental significance of this find. They are committed to balancing the protection of these antiquities with the progress of a new airport project in the Kastelli area.
This discovery opens new avenues for understanding ancient Cretan society and its connections to other Mediterranean cultures. It provides valuable insights into the religious practices and organisational capabilities of Bronze Age civilisations in the region.
A remarkable discovery at the Minoan palace excavation
The latest archaeological dig at the Minoan palace in Arhanes, Crete, has yielded an extraordinary find. Dr Efi Sapouna-Sakellaraki, leading the excavation, unearthed a unique gate sanctuary outside the main entrance of the palace. This discovery marks the first time such a structure has been identified at a Minoan palace site.
The gate sanctuary’s location is particularly noteworthy. It sits alongside four previously discovered altars and two stone platform arms. Together, these elements underscore the area’s religious significance. The excavation also revealed two bases for double axes, one of which had been unearthed in previous digs. A third base may exist, as fragments were found on the western arm of the platform.
Dr Sapouna-Sakellaraki’s return to the Arhanes site follows the groundbreaking work of renowned archaeologist Yannis Sakellarakis in the 1960s. While the initial goal was to clarify certain structural remains, the dig yielded far more exciting results than anticipated.
The southern section of this year’s excavation focused on a 96-square-metre area south of the entrance with the four altars. The eastern side presented a significant challenge, with an enormous fill of fallen massive stones. This layer yielded few artefacts, primarily consisting of:
- Recent pottery
- Greek-era ceramics
- Mycenaean pottery
- A small amount of Old Palace period pottery
Beneath this disturbed layer, in the southernmost part of the excavation, researchers uncovered a Mycenaean destruction layer. This stratum showed evidence of a fire that had damaged part of the Minoan palace. It’s worth noting that Archanes, like other Minoan palaces, continued to be used and modified during the Mycenaean period.
The fire-damaged layer contained numerous fragmented Mycenaean kylikes (drinking cups). The destruction was extensive, leaving few Minoan artefacts intact. However, some notable Minoan pieces were recovered, including:
- A fragment of a stone relief vessel
- A piece of rock crystal
These findings provide valuable insights into the palace’s history and its transition between Minoan and Mycenaean periods.
The excavation’s results highlight the importance of Archanes in the development of Minoan civilisation. This three-storey building, along with Knossos, played a crucial role in shaping the culture of ancient Crete.
The discovery of the gate sanctuary is particularly significant for several reasons:
- Uniqueness: It is the first of its kind found at a Minoan palace.
- Religious significance: Its location and associated structures point to important ritual practices.
- Architectural insight: It adds to our understanding of Minoan palace design and function.
The presence of multiple bases for double axes further emphasises the religious nature of the site. The double axe, or labrys, was a sacred symbol in Minoan culture, often associated with religious and ceremonial contexts.
The excavation also sheds light on the palace’s later history. The Mycenaean layer provides evidence of:
- Continued use of the site after the Minoan period
- Modifications and repairs made by Mycenaean occupants
- A significant destruction event, possibly due to fire
This information helps archaeologists piece together the complex history of Arhanes and its role in the broader context of Aegean Bronze Age civilisations.
The limited number of intact Minoan artefacts from the destruction layer presents both challenges and opportunities for researchers. While it hampers efforts to fully reconstruct Minoan life at Arhanes, it also:
- Highlights the intensity of the destruction event
- Provides a clear stratigraphic marker for dating purposes
- Offers insights into the transition between Minoan and Mycenaean occupation
The discovery of the rock crystal fragment is particularly intriguing. Rock crystal was highly prized in Minoan culture, often used for:
- Ritual objects
- High-status jewellery
- Intricate inlays in furniture and other luxury items
Its presence at Archanes underscores the site’s importance and the wealth of its inhabitants.
The ongoing excavations at Archanes continue to reshape our understanding of Minoan civilisation. Each new discovery adds another piece to the puzzle, helping archaeologists to:
- Refine chronologies
- Understand religious practices
- Explore trade networks
- Examine social structures
The gate sanctuary, in particular, opens up new avenues for research into Minoan religious architecture and ritual practices. Its unique nature raises questions about:
- Why it was constructed at Archanes specifically
- Whether similar structures might exist at other, yet-to-be-excavated Minoan sites
- How it relates to known Minoan religious practices and beliefs
As the excavation continues, researchers will undoubtedly uncover more clues to help answer these questions and others.
The work at Archanes also highlights the importance of revisiting previously excavated sites. New technologies and evolving archaeological methods can often reveal details that were missed in earlier digs. This approach allows for:
- Reinterpretation of existing evidence
- Discovery of new features and artefacts
- More accurate dating and analysis of finds
The layered nature of the Arhanes site, with its Minoan foundations and Mycenaean occupation, provides a valuable opportunity to study the transition between these two cultures. This can help archaeologists better understand:
- How Mycenaean culture adapted and incorporated Minoan elements
- The extent of continuity in religious and social practices
- Changes in material culture and artistic styles
As work progresses, researchers will undoubtedly employ a range of cutting-edge techniques to analyse their findings. These may include:
- 3D scanning and modelling of architectural features
- Residue analysis on pottery and other artefacts
- DNA analysis of any organic remains
- Geophysical surveys to map unexcavated areas
Common Queries About Ancient Cretan Architecture
What’s the Historical Importance of Crete’s Grand Structures?
Crete’s ancient buildings show how advanced the Minoan civilisation was. These structures date back to around 2000 BCE. They were some of the most complex buildings of their time in Europe. The grand circular structure recently found on Kreta adds to our knowledge of Minoan building skills.
Who Built the Massive Ancient Structures on Crete?
The Minoans built these large structures. They ruled Crete from about 3000 to 1100 BCE. The Minoans were skilled builders and seafarers. They created a rich culture with stunning art and architecture.
How Did Cretan Building Methods Impact Later Cultures?
Cretan building methods spread across the Mediterranean. They influenced Greek mainland architecture. The use of columns and open courtyards in later Greek buildings came from Cretan designs.
What Materials Did Ancient Cretans Use for Their Large Buildings?
Ancient Cretans used local stones like limestone. They also used wood and mud bricks. For decoration, they used colourful frescoes and fine stonework. The circular structure found near Kastelli shows the clever use of stone rings.
What Have Digs Revealed About Crete’s Massive Old Structures?
Digs have uncovered palaces, temples, and homes. They’ve found complex drainage systems and storage areas. Recent finds include:
- A large circular building from 2000 BCE
- Detailed wall paintings
- Signs of earthquake damage and rebuilds
How Have Crete’s Ancient Large Buildings Survived So Long?
Many of Crete’s old buildings have lasted due to:
- Solid stone construction
- Repairs after earthquakes
- Dry climate that preserved ruins
- Being buried, which protected them from damage
Some sites, like Knossos, have been partly rebuilt to show their former glory.
