Agricultural communities in eastern Crete are sounding the alarm as water shortages threaten traditional farming methods. Discussions about the Giophyrou dam for Heraklion.
Dangers for agriculture on Crete
The producers of agricultural products are desperate.
Groundwater Drilling Stalled Due to Lack of Funding
The Mayor of Viannos, Pavlos Baritakis, has raised alarming concerns regarding the severe water crisis affecting his region.
He noted that traditional crops—such as tomatoes, watermelons, and various vegetables—are at risk. There is a looming danger for these agricultural products if the government does not take immediate action to support the primary sector and the agricultural municipalities.
Without intervention, southeastern Crete could face a process of desertification.
Baritakis stated that local municipalities are struggling to meet the financial demands necessary for tackling water shortages.
Even municipalities designated as being in a state of emergency are receiving minimal support from the government, likening this assistance to water being dispensed “drop by drop.”
The financial backing for essential projects remains severely inadequate.
“We cannot ask for funding to open a borehole without receiving it.
We request funding for initiatives such as small dams or reservoirs to retain the little water we have, yet we receive nothing,” he emphasised.
He also drew attention to the disparity in governmental responses.
While regions like Thessaly receive significant aid following disasters, Crete’s water crisis has yet to see tangible support.
If preventative measures are not enacted swiftly, the future remains uncertain.
The ongoing struggles in areas like Messara, Ierapetra, and Viannos reflect the larger water crisis facing Sitia, indicating that municipalities cannot shoulder this burden alone.
Alarm for Products That Will Reach Consumers’ Tables
The repercussions of water scarcity extend beyond the fields of farmers.
The agricultural output in Crete directly influences the availability and pricing of products that reach consumers.
With vital crops at risk, a supply shortage may ensue, leading to increased prices and reduced variety in markets.
High temperatures and insufficient rainfall are intensifying the situation, making it challenging for farmers to maintain production levels.
As these conditions persist, the agricultural landscape is poised for significant changes, potentially affecting food security.
The lack of investment in sustainable water management, including alternatives like desalination and improved irrigation practices, complicates the issue further.
Interventions Needed from Producers as Well
Baritakis has stated that solutions must also come from the farmers themselves.
They must employ innovative methods to manage available resources effectively.
Agricultural practices need to adjust to cope with the changing climate and reduced water supplies.
Strategies might include embracing drought-resistant crop varieties, improving water conservation techniques, and utilising technology to aid in efficient irrigation.
Farmers must also engage with local authorities and agricultural organisations to advocate for necessary changes and support.
Modernising farming techniques can conserve water while maintaining yield. Collaboration between producers, government, and experts will be essential in navigating this crisis.
The planned but never built Giophyrou Dam could have solved the problem
The discussion around the Giophyrou Dam highlights missed opportunities for improving water management in Heraklion.
K. Konstantinos Mprilakis, a seasoned civil engineer with extensive experience in hydraulic projects on Crete, pointed out that if the Giophyrou Dam had been constructed alongside the Aposelemi Dam, many of Heraklion’s water issues would have been addressed.
Mprilakis mentioned that the Almyros river, while providing some fresh water, primarily releases brackish water into the sea. He emphasised that relying on the brief influx of fresh water from Almyros may not be cost-effective.
Before considering desalination methods, it is crucial to capture all available water sources that currently flow into the ocean. He stated that it is difficult to think about a unified water management system for Crete, and does not think that it makes sense to pipe water from Rethymno or Chania to eastern Crete, as this is very expensive.
The Aposelemi Dam was identified as a prime location by the late Pavlakis, who recognised its potential as a secure water catchment area.
While the dam itself cost around 45 million Euros, the overall expenses rose significantly due to land acquisition and necessary auxiliary projects, such as piping.
Mprilakis suggested that the Aposelemi Dam could hold even more water if it had been expanded towards Avdou, although he noted that this was not a desirable option.
He strongly believes that the Giophyrou Dam would play a critical role in solving the area’s water crisis.
According to measurements, Giophyrou River releases more water into the sea than the Aposelemi River.
Unfortunately, the proposal for this dam was lost when the relevant service was shut down, leading to stagnation in action. Yet, Mprilakis remains optimistic that planning for the Giophyrou Dam could still be revived to significantly alleviate water issues in Heraklion.
The Almyros river discharges approximately 250 million cubic metres of water into the sea each year.
The fresh water it provides is only available for a limited time, and the costs associated with harnessing it can be substantially high.
Mprilakis noted that opportunities exist for further exploration, such as drilling for groundwater in the area, to better assess the situation. His concerns extend to the desalination processes, suggesting more effective strategies could yield better results.
Frequently Asked Questions
The Major of Heraklion about dams, reservoirs and artificial rain against water scarcity.
What are the main factors contributing to water scarcity in Crete?
Water scarcity in Crete arises from several key factors.
These include prolonged periods of drought, over-extraction of groundwater, and inefficient irrigation practices.
Additionally, increasing demands due to population growth and tourism place added pressure on the limited water resources available on the island.
How does water shortage impact farmers and agriculture in Crete?
A lack of water significantly affects agriculture in Crete.
Farmers experience reduced crop yields, especially for water-intensive plants like olives and grapes.
This shortage can lead to smaller fruit sizes and lower quality produce, which ultimately impacts local economies reliant on agriculture.
What measures has the government implemented to tackle water scarcity in Crete?
The government has initiated several strategies to combat water shortages in Crete.
These include promoting water-saving technologies, investing in efficient irrigation systems, and creating public awareness campaigns on conservation.
Infrastructure improvements, such as better management of water resources and repairing leaks, are also part of the efforts.
What long-term effects might water shortage have on tourism in Crete?
Water scarcity poses significant risks for tourism in Crete.
As visitors flock to the island for its beautiful landscapes and outdoor activities, a decline in water availability can threaten the quality of facilities and natural attractions.
This could lead to a decrease in tourist numbers and impact the local economy.
How can both locals and tourists aid in conserving water in Crete?
Residents and tourists can play a vital role in water conservation efforts.
Simple actions such as taking shorter showers, using water-efficient appliances, and avoiding excessive watering of gardens can contribute.
Tourists are encouraged to be mindful of their water usage during their stay and to support businesses that prioritise sustainable practices.
What alternative water sources are being developed or utilised in Crete?
Crete is exploring various alternative water sources to alleviate scarcity issues.
These include desalination plants that convert seawater into fresh water, rainwater harvesting systems, and the reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation.
These methods aim to create a more sustainable water supply for the island’s needs.
